Laminations: when a billet is flattened or spread out, discontinuities like pipe porosity and nonmetallic inclusions may cause a lamination. ![]() When an ingot is further processed into slabs, blooms, and billets, it is possible for the above discontinuities to change size and shape.ĭepending on the type of processing and the original type of discontinuity, the discontinuities after rolling and forming are ![]() Processing discontinuities are those found or produced by the forming or fabrication operations including rolling, forging, welding, machining, grinding, and heat-treating. NEED FOR NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING(NDT) Definitions as per ASME BPVC Sec-V Article 1 To learn about need of NDT read our blog: To learn more about how NDT began Read our blog: HISTORY OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING(NDT) Non-destructive testing ( NDT) is a wide group of analysis techniques used in science and technology industry to evaluate the properties of a material, component or system without causing damage. when the same material passes through a multiple number of processes shape and size of discontinuities can change. Discontinuities affect the physical properties of the test object and can also affect or hamper the test object’s ability to fulfill the intended purpose and service life.ĭiscontinuities can be present in a material from the very first stage of its manufacturing if good quality raw materials are not used. Discontinuities are imperfections in a test object that interfere with the usefulness of the test object. Defectology in NDT deals with the defects that affect all the stages of product realization, starting from raw material to finished product.
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